Quantifying the changes in energy metabolism during pregnancy in relation to GWG is needed to direct intervention strategies. Furthermore, a low resting metabolic rate has been demonstrated to be a determinant of weight gain in non-pregnant adults ( 10). Many investigators believe compensatory changes in energy metabolism in response to increased food intake, contribute to the variability in weight gain ( 6– 9). Objective assessments of energy intake are thereby critically important to enhance the fundamental understanding of how changes in energy intake contribute to weight gain in pregnant women. However, most individuals significantly under-report energy intake ( 3, 4) even during pregnancy ( 5). Self-reported food intake is not different for women who achieved the recommended weight gain and those who had excessive weight gain ( 2). Given that 48% percent of all pregnant women exceed the 2009 Institute of Medicine (IOM) recommendations for GWG ( 1), understanding the roles of energy intake and energy expenditure during pregnancy in relation to GWG is important for the development of successful weight management programs for this population. However, little is known regarding changes in energy intake and energy expenditure during pregnancy and the effect on gestational weight gain (GWG). Our trimester-by-trimester meal planners can help you make sure you’re eating the right nutrients as well as the right number of calories.Energy intake and energy expenditure are considered to be the two primary determinants of weight gain in humans.Check out our pregnancy weight gain estimator to see how much weight you might expect to put on during your pregnancy.Watch our video on activities to avoid when you’re pregnant.
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Discover more about how to have a healthy pregnancy Your midwife, diabetes nurse or doctor will be able to give you more detailed advice, or you may be referred to a dietitian. This will help to manage the levels of sugar (glucose) in your blood. She may recommend that you lose some weight by restricting the amount of calories you eat and doing more exercise. If you develop gestational diabetes and your body mass index (BMI) was 27 or over before you became pregnant, your midwife or doctor may give you different advice. Rather than counting calories, it’s better to eat when you are hungry, and stick to healthy foods whenever you can. Balanced meals help you to feel fuller for longer. Have a small amount of protein, such as lean chicken, with each meal.Also try a handful of mixed nuts, plain yogurt with a handful of berries, oat crackers with avocado dip or mashed sardines. A fruit bowl filled with apples, bananas, peaches, oranges and grapes makes it easy to grab a healthy snack. Eat at least five portions of fruit and vegetables a day. Help to control your appetite by eating high-fibre foods, drinking plenty of water, and taking regular exercise.Ask your partner to bring you something before you get out of bed, and then eat the rest of your breakfast later in the morning. If you feel sick in the morning, try nibbling dry toast or crackers when you wake up. your BMI was 19 or under ( underweight)įind out what vitamin supplements you might need when you’re pregnant More pregnancy videosThese tips will help you to feel full, while keeping your calorie count under control:.However, you may need to adjust your calorie intake if you are expecting twins or more, or if before you were pregnant: The number of calories you need while you are pregnant depends on: So any recommendation about the amount of calories you need when you’re pregnant is based on averages. However, during the last three months of your pregnancy ( third trimester), you will need an extra 200 calories a day, making a total of about 2,200 calories a day.īear in mind that we’re all different shapes and sizes, and some of us are more active than others. That’s about 2,000 calories a day, on average. SLIDESHOW Healthy 200 calorie snacks Tasty snacks for your third trimester.įor the first six months of your pregnancy ( first and second trimesters), you won’t need to have more calories than you did before you became pregnant.
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